C#如何实现贪吃蛇游戏

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贪吃蛇分析

游戏规则：

1、蛇起始长度5，每吃一个食物增加1，最大15过关

2、蛇用蓝色表示，食物用绿色，障碍物用黑色

3、当蛇碰到自己、墙壁、障碍物则游戏失败

4、方向键控制蛇的移动方向，蛇不可反方向移动，如正在向上移动，不能马上向下，只能向左、右、上运动

5、每过关一次速度提升一次

大概思路：

1、地图用网格的形式表示，蛇由方格组成，保存在list中

2、1中提到了方格，方格保存的内容有，颜色，坐标，是否可以通过,是否是食物

3、向前移动一次，将前面方格添加进蛇列表中，将列表最后一个移除，若为前方格子为食物，则不移除最后一个

4、使用while死循环来做整个移动

5、空格键为加速键，通过修改while循环sleep时间来实现加速

包括了3个类一个主窗体，分别是Node（用来表示方格）、Map（用来表示地图）、Serpent（用来表示蛇），另外一个主窗体。下面依次把代码贴上，基本上每个方法都有注释

代码1：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Drawing;

namespace EngorgeSerpent
{
 /// 
 /// 节点
 /// 
 class Node
 {
 #region 字段
 private int x;
 private int y;
 private int width = 10;
 private bool isFood = false;
 private bool isPass = true;//是否可通过
 private Color bgColor = Color.FromArgb(224, 224, 224);
 private Color foodColor = Color.Green;
 private Color hinderColor = Color.Black;
 private Color thisColor;
 private Color serpentColor = Color.Chocolate;

 #endregion
 /// 
 /// 设置食物参数
 /// 
 /// 
 public void SetFood(bool _isFood)
 {
 IsFood = _isFood;
 if (_isFood)
 {
 ThisColor = FoodColor;

 }
 else
 {
 ThisColor = BgColor;
 }
 }

 /// 
 /// 设置障碍物参数
 /// 
 /// 是否为障碍物
 public void SetHinder(bool _isHinder)
 {
 IsPass =! _isHinder;
 if (_isHinder)
 {
 ThisColor = HinderColor;
 }
 else
 {
 ThisColor = BgColor;
 }
 }

 /// 
 /// 设置蛇颜色
 /// 
 /// 
 public void SetSerpent(bool _isSerpent)
 {
 IsPass = !_isSerpent;
 if (_isSerpent)
 {
 ThisColor = SerpentColor;
 }
 else
 {
 ThisColor = BgColor;
 }
 }
 #region 构造函数
 public Node()
 {
 thisColor = bgColor;
 }

 /// 
 /// 有参构造方法
 /// 
 /// 相对x坐标
 /// 相对y坐标
 /// 边长
 /// 是否是食物
 /// 是否可通过
 public Node(int _x, int _y, int _width, bool _isFood, bool _isPass)
 {
 thisColor = bgColor;
 X = _x;
 Y = _y;
 Width = _width;
 IsFood = _isFood;
 IsPass = _isPass;
 }

 /// 
 /// 有参构造方法
 /// 
 /// 相对x坐标
 /// 相对y坐标
 /// 边长
 public Node(int _x, int _y, int _width)
 {
 X = _x;
 Y = _y;
 Width = _width;
 }

 /// 
 /// 有参构造方法
 /// 
 /// 相对x坐标
 /// 相对y坐标
 public Node(int _x, int _y)
 {
 X = _x;
 Y = _y;
 }
 #endregion

 #region 属性
 /// 
 /// 蛇颜色
 /// 
 public Color SerpentColor
 {
 get { return serpentColor; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 背景色
 /// 
 public Color BgColor
 {
 get { return bgColor; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 食物颜色
 /// 
 public Color FoodColor
 {
 get { return foodColor; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 障碍物颜色
 /// 
 public Color HinderColor
 {
 get { return hinderColor; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 当前颜色
 /// 
 public Color ThisColor
 {
 get { return thisColor; }
 set { thisColor = value; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 获取或设置相对横坐标
 /// 
 public int X
 {
 get { return x; }
 set { x = value; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 获取或设置相对纵坐标
 /// 
 public int Y
 {
 get { return y; }
 set { y = value; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 获取或设置节点边长
 /// 
 public int Width
 {
 get { return width; }
 set { width = value; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 获取或设置是否为食物
 /// 
 public bool IsFood
 {
 get { return isFood; }
 set { isFood = value; }
 }

 /// 
 /// 获取或设置是否可以通过
 /// 
 public bool IsPass
 {
 get { return isPass; }
 set { isPass = value; }
 }
 #endregion
 }
}

代码2：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Drawing;

namespace EngorgeSerpent
{
 /// 
 /// 地图
 /// 
 class Map
 {
 /// 
 /// 节点数组
 /// 
 private List> _nodes;
 private int RowCount;
 private int ComsCount;
 private Color bgColor = Color.FromArgb(224, 224, 224);
 private System.Windows.Forms.Control MapPanel;
 Graphics g;
 /// 
 /// 地图背景色 和node中背景色一致
 /// 
 public Color BgColor
 {
 get { return bgColor; }
 }
 /// 
 /// 构造方法
 /// 
 /// 行数
 /// 列数
 public Map(int rows, int coms, System.Windows.Forms.Control c)
 {
 RowCount = rows;
 ComsCount = coms;
 MapPanel = c;
 g = c.CreateGraphics();
 _nodes = new List>();
 for (int i = 0; i < rows; i++)//行
 {
 List index = new List();
 for (int j = 0; j < coms; j++)
 {
  Node node = new Node(j, i);
  index.Add(node);
 }
 _nodes.Add(index);
 }
 }

 /// 
 /// 构造方法
 /// 
 /// 行数
 /// 列数
 /// 节点宽度 
 public Map(int rows, int coms, int width, System.Windows.Forms.Control c)
 {
 RowCount = rows;
 ComsCount = coms;
 MapPanel = c;
 g = c.CreateGraphics();
 _nodes = new List>();
 for (int i = 0; i < coms; i++)//行
 {
 List index = new List();
 for (int j = 0; j < rows; j++)
 {
  Node node = new Node(j, i, width);
  index.Add(node);
 }
 _nodes.Add(index);
 }
 }

 /// 
 /// 重新加载地图
 /// 
 public void ResetMap()
 {
 for (int i = 0; i < ComsCount; i++)//行
 {
 for (int j = 0; j < RowCount; j++)
 {
  Node node = GetNode(i, j);
  node.IsPass = true;
  node.IsFood = false; 
 }
 }
 }
 /// 
 /// 获得节点
 /// 
 /// 
 /// 
 /// 
 public Node GetNode(int x, int y)
 {
 return _nodes[y][x];
 }

 /// 
 /// 设置食物
 /// 
 public void SetFood()
 {
 SolidBrush brush = null;
 int _x, _y;
 Random r = new Random();
 while (true)
 {
 _x = r.Next(0, RowCount);
 _y = r.Next(0, ComsCount);
 if (_nodes[_x][_y].IsPass)
 {
  break;
 }
 }
 Node nodeindex = _nodes[_x][_y];
 nodeindex.SetFood(true);
 brush = new SolidBrush(nodeindex.FoodColor);
 RectangleF[] rects = { new RectangleF(nodeindex.X * nodeindex.Width, nodeindex.Y * nodeindex.Width, nodeindex.Width, nodeindex.Width) };
 g.FillRectangles(brush, rects);
 }

 /// 
 /// 设置障碍物
 /// 
 /// 
 public void SetHinder(List list)
 {
 SolidBrush brush = null;
 RectangleF[] rects = new RectangleF[list.Count];
 for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++)
 {
 Node _node = list[i];
 _node.SetHinder(true);
 _node.IsPass = false;
 if (brush == null)
 {
  brush = new SolidBrush(_node.HinderColor);
 }
 RectangleF r = new RectangleF(_node.X * _node.Width, _node.Y * _node.Width, _node.Width, _node.Width);
 rects[i] = r;
 }
 g.FillRectangles(brush, rects);
 }

 /// 
 /// 设置边界
 /// 
 public void SetBorder()
 {
 //通过计算得出边界的个数是2（x+y-2）个方格

 SolidBrush brush = null;
 int borders = 2 * (ComsCount + RowCount - 2);
 RectangleF[] rects = new RectangleF[borders];
 int indexcount = 0;
 //添加顶部方格进rects列表中
 for (int i = 0; i < RowCount; i++)
 {
 Node _node = _nodes[i][0];
 _node.SetHinder(true);
 if (brush == null)
 {
  brush = new SolidBrush(_node.HinderColor);
 }
 RectangleF r = new RectangleF(_node.X * _node.Width, _node.Y * _node.Width, _node.Width, _node.Width);
 rects[indexcount] = r;
 indexcount++;
 }
 //添加底部方格进rects列表中
 for (int i = 0; i < RowCount; i++)
 {
 Node _node = _nodes[i][ComsCount - 1];
 _node.SetHinder(true);

 RectangleF r = new RectangleF(_node.X * _node.Width, _node.Y * _node.Width, _node.Width, _node.Width);
 rects[indexcount] = r;
 indexcount++;
 }
 //添加左侧方格进列表，因为左侧最上面以及最下面的两个方格已经添加进去，这里不需要重复添加
 for (int i = 1; i < ComsCount - 1; i++)
 {
 Node _node = _nodes[0][i];
 _node.SetHinder(true);
 RectangleF r = new RectangleF(_node.X * _node.Width, _node.Y * _node.Width, _node.Width, _node.Width);
 rects[indexcount] = r;
 indexcount++;
 }
 //添加右侧方格进列表，因为右侧最上面以及最下面两个方格已经添加进去，这里不需要重复添加
 for (int i = 1; i < ComsCount - 1; i++)
 {
 Node _node = _nodes[RowCount - 1][i];
 _node.SetHinder(true);
 RectangleF r = new RectangleF(_node.X * _node.Width, _node.Y * _node.Width, _node.Width, _node.Width);
 rects[indexcount] = r;
 indexcount++;
 }
 g.FillRectangles(brush, rects);
 }
 }
}

代码3：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Drawing;

namespace EngorgeSerpent
{
 /// 
 /// 蛇
 /// 
 class Serpent
 {
 private List serpentList = new List();
 private Direction direction = Direction.Right;//运动方向
 private int maxCount = 15;
 private int minCount = 5;
 private System.Windows.Forms.Control MapPanel;
 Graphics g;
 /// 
 /// 设置蛇长度数据
 /// 
 /// 最大长度
 /// 最小长度
 public Serpent(int maxLength, int minLength, System.Windows.Forms.Control c)
 {
 maxCount = maxLength;
 minCount = minLength;
 MapPanel = c;
 g = MapPanel.CreateGraphics();
 }

 /// 
 /// 初始化蛇
 /// 
 public void InitializeSerpent()
 {
 SolidBrush brush = null;
 RectangleF[] rects = new RectangleF[minCount];
 for (int i = 1; i < minCount; i++)
 {
 Node indexnode = new Node(i, 1);
 indexnode.SetSerpent(true);//设置蛇颜色
 serpentList.Insert(0, indexnode);
 if (brush == null)
 {
  brush = new SolidBrush(indexnode.SerpentColor);
 }
 rects[i] = new RectangleF(indexnode.X * indexnode.Width, indexnode.Y * indexnode.Width, indexnode.Width, indexnode.Width);
 }
 g.FillRectangles(brush, rects);
 }



 /// 
 /// 插入一个
 /// 
 /// 
 public void InsertNode(Node node)
 {
 serpentList.Insert(0, node);
 node.SetSerpent(true);
 SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(node.SerpentColor);
 RectangleF rect = new RectangleF(node.X * node.Width, node.Y * node.Width, node.Width, node.Width);
 g.FillRectangle(brush, rect);
 }

 /// 
 /// 移除尾巴
 /// 
 /// 
 public void RemoveNode()
 {
 Node node = serpentList[serpentList.Count - 1];
 serpentList.Remove(node);
 node.SetSerpent(false);
 SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(node.BgColor);
 RectangleF rect = new RectangleF(node.X * node.Width, node.Y * node.Width, node.Width, node.Width);
 g.FillRectangle(brush, rect);
 }

 /// 
 /// 获取蛇头
 /// 
 /// 蛇头方格
 public Node GetSerpentHead()
 {
 return serpentList[0];
 }

 /// 
 /// 蛇是否最长
 /// 
 /// 
 public bool IsMax()
 {
 if (serpentList.Count == maxCount)
 return true;
 else
 return false;
 }

 /// 
 /// 蛇运动方向
 /// 
 public Direction Direction
 {
 get { return direction; }
 set { direction = value; }
 }

 }
 /// 
 /// 运动方向
 /// 
 public enum Direction
 {
 Left,
 Up,
 Right,
 Down
 }
}

代码4：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Threading;

namespace EngorgeSerpent
{
 public partial class MainForm : Form
 {
 public MainForm()
 {
 InitializeComponent();

 }
 List> maplist = new List>();
 Map map;
 Serpent serpent;
 Graphics g;
 int level = 1;
 /// 
 /// 运行线程
 /// 
 Thread Work_Thread = null;
 /// 
 /// 运行线程监控值
 /// 
 bool IsWork = false;
 int sleepTime = 1000;
 int thissleeptime;

 private void MainForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 g = this.panel1.CreateGraphics();
 map = new Map(40, 30, this.panel1);//这里可以对画布进行下大小设置 此处偷懒省略 
 LoadMapList();//加载障碍物列表 
 }

 /// 
 /// 默认将地图设置为30*40
 /// 
 private void SetMap()
 {
 map.ResetMap();
 g.Clear(map.BgColor);
 map.SetBorder();//设置边界
 List hiderList = GetHider();//获取障碍物列表
 map.SetHinder(hiderList);//设置障碍物
 SetSerpent();//初始化蛇 
 }

 /// 
 /// 设置蛇
 /// 
 private void SetSerpent()
 {
 serpent = new Serpent(15, 5, this.panel1);
 serpent.InitializeSerpent();//初始化蛇
 }

 /// 
 /// 获取地图障碍物列表 以增加不同级别难度
 /// 
 private void LoadMapList()
 {
 //目前分为5个级别
 //第一级别
 List hiderList1 = new List();
 for (int i = 15; i < 25; i++)
 {
 hiderList1.Add(map.GetNode(i, 15));
 hiderList1.Add(map.GetNode(15, i));
 }
 maplist.Add(hiderList1);

 //第二级别
 List hiderList2 = new List();
 for (int i = 7; i < 25; i++)
 {
 hiderList2.Add(map.GetNode(i, 15));
 hiderList2.Add(map.GetNode(15, i));
 }
 maplist.Add(hiderList2);

 //第三级别
 List hiderList3 = new List();
 for (int i = 7; i < 25; i++)
 {
 hiderList3.Add(map.GetNode(i, 15));
 hiderList3.Add(map.GetNode(15, i));
 hiderList3.Add(map.GetNode(i, 25));
 }
 maplist.Add(hiderList3);

 //第四级别
 List hiderList4 = new List();
 for (int i = 7; i < 25; i++)
 {
 hiderList4.Add(map.GetNode(i, 25));
 hiderList4.Add(map.GetNode(i, 15));
 hiderList4.Add(map.GetNode(15, i));
 hiderList4.Add(map.GetNode(i, 7));
 }
 maplist.Add(hiderList4);

 //第五级别
 List hiderList5 = new List();
 for (int i = 7; i < 25; i++)
 {
 hiderList5.Add(map.GetNode(i, 25));
 hiderList5.Add(map.GetNode(i, 15));
 hiderList5.Add(map.GetNode(15, i));
 hiderList5.Add(map.GetNode(i, 7));
 hiderList5.Add(map.GetNode(i, 35));
 }
 for (int i = 12; i < 20; i++)
 {
 hiderList5.Add(map.GetNode(7, i));
 hiderList5.Add(map.GetNode(25, i));
 }
 maplist.Add(hiderList5);
 }

 /// 
 /// 获取障碍物列表
 /// 
 /// 
 private List GetHider()
 {
 //这里可以添加多个地图，当级别改变时需要重新加载
 return maplist[level - 1];
 }

 /// 
 /// 重置地图
 /// 
 /// 
 /// 
 private void btnResetMap_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 IsWork = false;
 btnStop.Enabled = false;
 button3.Enabled = false;
 button2.Enabled = true;
 //map.ResetMap();
 SetMap();
 }

 /// 
 /// 运行
 /// 
 private void Work()
 {
 map.SetFood();//设置食物
 while (IsWork)
 {
 Node node_index;
 Node serpentHead = serpent.GetSerpentHead();
 switch (serpent.Direction)
 {
  case Direction.Left:
  node_index = map.GetNode(serpentHead.X - 1, serpentHead.Y);
  break;
  case Direction.Right:
  node_index = map.GetNode(serpentHead.X + 1, serpentHead.Y);
  break;
  case Direction.Up:
  node_index = map.GetNode(serpentHead.X, serpentHead.Y - 1); break;
  default:
  node_index = map.GetNode(serpentHead.X, serpentHead.Y + 1);
  break;
 }
 SerpentState index_move = SerpentMove(node_index);
 if (index_move == SerpentState.Error)//游戏结束
 {
  IsWork = false;
  //map.ResetMap();
  MessageBox.Show("游戏结束！", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
  sleepTime = 1000;
  level = 1;
  thissleeptime = sleepTime;
  lblLevel.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate()
  {
  btnStop.Enabled = false;
  button3.Enabled = false;
  button2.Enabled = true;
  lblLevel.Text = "1";
  lblCount.Text = "5";
  }));
 }
 else if (index_move == SerpentState.NextLevel)
 {
  IsWork = false;
  this.lblCount.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate()
  {
  level += 1;
  lblLevel.Text = level.ToString();
  lblCount.Text = "5";
  }));
  sleepTime = sleepTime / 2;
  thissleeptime = sleepTime;
  SetMap();//重置地图
 }
 else
 {

  Thread.Sleep(thissleeptime);
 }
 }
 map.ResetMap();
 }

 /// 
 /// 开始
 /// 
 /// 
 /// 
 private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 IsWork = false;
 btnStop.Enabled = false;
 button3.Enabled = false;
 button2.Enabled = true;
 //map.ResetMap();
 SetMap();
 thissleeptime = sleepTime;
 this.panel1.Focus();
 IsWork = true;
 this.btnStop.Enabled = true;
 this.button3.Enabled = true;
 button2.Enabled = false;
 Work_Thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Work));
 Work_Thread.IsBackground = true;
 Work_Thread.Start();
 }

 private void MainForm_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
 {

 if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Right)
 {
 if (serpent.Direction != Direction.Left)
  serpent.Direction = Direction.Right;
 }
 else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Left)
 {
 if (serpent.Direction != Direction.Right)
  serpent.Direction = Direction.Left;
 }
 else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Up)
 {
 if (serpent.Direction != Direction.Down)
  serpent.Direction = Direction.Up;
 }
 else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Down)
 {
 if (serpent.Direction != Direction.Up)
  serpent.Direction = Direction.Down;
 }
 else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Space)
 {
 thissleeptime = sleepTime / 2;
 }
 else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Escape)
 {
 if (IsWork)
 {
  this.button3.Text = "继续";
  IsWork = false;
 }

 }
 }

 /// 
 /// 暂停
 /// 
 /// 
 /// 
 private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 if (!IsWork)
 {
 this.button3.Text = "暂停";
 IsWork = true;
 Work_Thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(Work));
 Work_Thread.IsBackground = true;
 Work_Thread.Start();
 }
 else
 {
 this.button3.Text = "继续";
 IsWork = false;
 }
 }
 /// 
 /// 退出
 /// 
 /// 
 /// 
 private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 this.Close();
 }

 private void MainForm_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
 {
 IsWork = false;
 Application.Exit();
 System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess().Kill();
 }

 private void btnStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 // map.ResetMap();
 btnStop.Enabled = false;
 button3.Enabled = false;
 button2.Enabled = true;
 IsWork = false;
 Work_Thread.Abort();
 SetMap();
 }

 /// 
 /// 移动
 /// 
 /// 将要移动到的节点
 /// 返回状态
 private SerpentState SerpentMove(Node node)
 {
 if (!node.IsPass)
 {
 return SerpentState.Error;
 }
 serpent.InsertNode(node);
 if (!node.IsFood)
 {
 //不是食物，则移除最后一个节点
 serpent.RemoveNode();
 }
 else
 {
 lblCount.BeginInvoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate()
 {
  this.lblCount.Text = (Convert.ToInt32(this.lblCount.Text.Trim()) + 1).ToString();
 }));
 map.SetFood();//设置食物
 }

 if (serpent.IsMax())
 {
 return SerpentState.NextLevel;
 }
 return SerpentState.Moving;
 }

 private void MainForm_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
 {
 if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Space)
 {
 thissleeptime = sleepTime;
 }
 }

 private void comboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 int index = 1;
 int index_count = Convert.ToInt32(comboBox1.Text);
 for (int i = 1; i < index_count; i++)
 {
 index = index * 2;
 }
 level = index_count;
 sleepTime = 1000 / index;
 thissleeptime = sleepTime;
 btnStop.Enabled = false;
 button3.Enabled = false;
 button2.Enabled = true;
 IsWork = false;

 SetMap();
 lblCount.Text = "5";
 lblLevel.Text = index_count.ToString();
 serpent.Direction = Direction.Right;

 }

 private void checkBox1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
 {
 comboBox1.Enabled = this.checkBox1.Checked;
 }

 }
 public enum SerpentState
 {
 Moving,
 NextLevel,
 Error
 }
}

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